Urban Legend of Glenn Dale Hospital :: Ghost Stories Urban Legends

Glenn Dale Hospital Background Over the recent break, I mentioned to a friend that I needed to write about a ghost-related urban legend. He offered to tell me about Glenn Dale Hospital, which is supposedly a famous ghost legend in Maryland. Since I am a lifelong Maryland resident and did not know about the hospital, I was eager to hear the story. The story was told in the living room of a house by a 19 year old white male native to southern Maryland. He is from a middle class family and his father and mother are a construction worker and a homemaker, respectively. He heard the story from another friend who claims to have visited Glenn Dale Hospital. The Story So, in the 30s and 40s they used to send tuberculosis patients to the [Glenn Dale] hospital for treatment. [normal relaxed tone] Eventually it was converted into an insane asylum and it became notorious for its treatment of patients. The staff experimented on the patients and locked them up all day. One day, all the patients revolted and the doctors ran out of the hospital and boarded up all the doors and windows. [talking faster] The patients were left inside to die and the hospital was abandoned. The insane still wander the halls. Today, if you sneak in the hospital you will be chased by the ghosts of the patients and catch tuberculosis. My friend went there and swears he saw a ghost watching him from the shadows, and he won’t go near that place anymore [gestures with hand in horizontal motion]. The cops arrest anyone they catch trespassing, but they say the cops won’t go in the hospital after you if you need help.† Context There is evidence to support some of this story. According to a Washington Post article from December 10, 2006, Glenn Dale Hospital does exist on over 200 acres in Prince George’s County, Maryland. In fact, it did house tuberculosis patients starting in the mid-thirties. However, that is essentially all the truth in the story. The article states, â€Å"It [Glen Dale Hospital] was never an insane asylum, as urban explorers and paranormal researchers suggest on the internet.† Since it was never an asylum, the idea of a revolt and the insane wandering the halls must not be true. Since tuberculosis does not last for decades without human hosts, it is impossible to catch the disease just by exploring the hospital.

Mortar Mixes Using Different Concentration Of MGSO4 Environmental Sciences Essay

1.0 General: Mortar mix is a combination of cement and sand that is used to keep together building type blocks. On adding H2O it becomes a feasible paste that sets difficult. It is used with stuffs like bricks and rocks to do paseos and walls. Mortar was originally made of clay or clay. There is grounds of the usage of howitzer in civilizations around the universe. Persian and Babylonian constructions used howitzer from about 2900 BC on. The earliest Egyptian pyramids used the clay or clay combination, while ulterior edifices used gypsum or calcium hydroxide. Mortar can besides be used for the fix of masonry when the original howitzer has washed off. Modern howitzers are typically made from a mixture of sand, a binder such as cement or calcium hydroxide, and H2O. Cement fabrication is related with a batch of environmental jeopardies and has impacts at all phases of the procedure. These include emanations of airborne pollution in the signifier of dust, gases, noise and quiver when runing machinery and during blaring in preies, and harm to countryside from quarrying, heavy metal emanations in the during the high-temperature calcination procedure of limestone and clay minerals and the ingestion of a immense sum of fuel. Most cement kilns today use coal and crude oil coke as primary fuels, and to a lesser extent natural gas and fuel oil. For the turning population of the universe, the demand for lodging and electricity is besides increasing consequently. For lodging and other installations, the building industry is turning at a really fast gait with of all time increasing demand for cement. To carry through the demand of electricity for such population in India up to 2004 the electricity coevals was about 1,12,058 MW, 65-70 % of which is thermic ( largely coal based ) . Further, harmonizing to an estimation 100,000 MW capacity or more would be required in the following 10 twelvemonth. Concrete is a composite stuff composed of harsh farinaceous stuff ( the sum or filler ) embedded in a difficult matrix of stuff ( the cement or binder ) that fills the infinite between the sum atoms and gums them together. We can besides see concrete as a composite stuff that consists basically a binding medium which particles or fragments of sums are embedded. The simplest representation of concrete is:Concrete = Filler + Binder.There are many different sorts of concrete. For illustration, Portland cement concrete, asphalt concrete, and epoxy concrete. In concrete building, the Portland cement concrete is utilized the most. Therefore, the term concrete normally refers to Portland cement concrete. Admixtures are stuffs other than sum ( all right and coarse ) , H2O, fiber and cement, which are added into concrete batch instantly before or during blending. Use of Admixtures has become a common pattern in modern concrete. Chemical alloies can modify the scene and indurating feature of cement paste by act uponing the rate of cement hydration. Water-reducing alloy can plasticise fresh concrete mixtures by cut downing surface tenseness of H2O, air-entraining alloies can better the lastingness of concrete, and mineral alloies such as pozzolana ( stuffs incorporating reactive silicon oxide ) can cut down thermic snap. 1.1. Mortar: A edifice stuff made by blending calcium hydroxide, cement or plaster of Paris with sand, H2O and sometimes with other stuffs, used in masonry for fall ining rocks, bricks, etc. besides for stick oning. 1.1.1 Gypsum howitzer: The Egyptians used gypsum howitzers in the building of the pyramids. More late, this type of howitzer was used to reconstruct much of the metropolis of Paris, which gave its name to the Gypsum, sometimes called Plaster of Paris, as a consequence of the natural gypsum sedimentations found under the territory of Monmartre. Some of this gypsum bonded masonry still exists in the older parts of Paris. More late, an imported external render, based on Gypsum, originally developed in France, was imported into the United Kingdom. However, after a short period of clip and a bad history of failures this was withdrawn from the market. In add-on to this recent job, it is known that many of the bing historic homes in Paris, that were originally built with gypsum howitzer and have non been restored, suffered severely from moistness and impairment. As a consequence of these inauspicious experiences, and partially originating from the theoretical position that they do non organize hydrates that are stable in presence of H2O, gypsum howitzers are, hence, non used today and non recommended for external work. 1.1.2 Lime Mortars: The Egyptians used lime howitzers, with literature on this topic dating back 2000 old ages. Lime howitzers are believed to indurate and derive strength by the vaporization of H2O and the soaking up of C dioxide from the ambiance. This consequences in the gradual transition of calcium hydroxide into Ca carbonate. This mechanism is theoretically right, but takes a really long clip to bring forth any meaningful strength. 1.1.3 Calcium oxide: The calcium hydroxide is produced, by and large by firing mineral natural stuffs ; dwelling of Ca chiefly but Mg based calcium hydroxides besides exist. Magnesium based calcium hydroxides are non nevertheless used for howitzer in the United Kingdom or Ireland and will non be considered farther in this text. In the United Kingdom, the natural stuffs that are burnt in the kiln to bring forth calcium hydroxide are chalk or limestone, but in theory any chalky feedstock could be used. In some states, shells, corals and other beginnings of Ca are besides used satisfactorily. When the natural stuff, which is fundamentally composing of Ca carbonate, is heated to about 950oC, the combined C dioxide is driven off in the signifier of gas, to ensue in Ca oxide or calcium oxide remaining. 1.1.4 Hydrated calcium hydroxide: Calcium oxide is non used straight in howitzer, but it is foremost reacted with H2O to bring forth Ca hydrated oxide, known as â€Å" quenched † or â€Å" hydrated † calcium hydroxide and in this signifier it is ready to be added in a howitzer mix. However, it is formed that pure Ca hydrated oxide howitzers, though being capable of indurating and strength development, in world it reacts highly easy. Hence, it require a period of possibly 100 old ages for a howitzer articulation to carbonate or indurate to a deepness of possibly 6 to 10 millimeter ( carbonation is the transition of Ca hydrated oxide to calcium carbonate ) . The ancient craftsmen realized this, and knew that a really pure calcium hydroxide was really inferior to one that had some drosss. 1.1.5 Hydraulic calcium hydroxide: When cement is manufactured, calcium hydroxide is burnt in a kiln with clay, to supply a cementing compound that reacts with H2O to bring forth a hard-boiled hydrate. It can be seen that the presence of clay drosss produces efficaciously weak cement. This deficiency of understanding besides leads to an erroneous reading of the belongingss of lime howitzers. Some modern builders and specifies ascribe a whole overplus of good belongingss to â€Å" lime † howitzers, based chiefly on their observations of the long life of historic constructions, without recognizing precisely what type of lime howitzers they do necessitate for their usage. Many successful and long lasting constructions that they believe to incorporate lime howitzers are based on hydraulic calcium hydroxide. In world this is weak and rough cement, when compared to the purer hydrated calcium hydroxides that are produced today. It will be seen that usage of the latter stuff will non bring forth a howitzer with a great trade of strength or lastingness, as the carbonation procedure returns so easy and produces comparatively low strength development. Due to the apparent long permanent nature of hydraulic calcium hydroxide based howitzers, in recent old ages some specifiers have once more been qualifying them, unaware of the manner in which they were produced originally, and in the belief that similar stuffs are readily available today. It is non the instance that hydraulic calcium hydroxides are readily available in the UK today as merely one little works in Dorset produces commercial measures. Some hydraulic calcium hydroxides are imported from Italy and France but whilst these may be echt, a figure are formulated utilizing mixtures of Portland cement, calcium hydroxide and air entraining agent and are therefore non hydraulic calcium hydroxides at all, but instead masonry cements. Study suggests wherever historic calcium hydroxides are referred to these are hydraulic calcium hydroxide in world and non hydrated calcium hydroxide. There are legion illustrations of lasting constructions made with mortar one such illustration of U.K. is illustration Hadrian ‘s wall still which has monolithic restored countries of original stuffs. The Tower of London, some 900 old ages old, provides farther grounds of the lastingness of masonry stuffs and historic calcium hydroxide howitzer. 1.1.6 Ash calcium hydroxide howitzer: The possible pozzolanic belongingss of ash or other stuff incorporating reactive silicon oxides have been known since Roman times. There are many misconceptions and its inappropriate specification. Early bricks were fired at low temperatures and the attendant merchandise was rather extremely reactive in the presence of free calcium hydroxide. However, modern bricks are fired at a much higher temperature and are non about every bit reactive, as earlier one. Therefore a great trade of confusion exists, related to the specification of stuffs which can give a true image of historic features and hence go forthing behind a possible beginning. Therefore, any specification for a lime howitzer to be used in concurrence with land brick dust should be critically questioned. In contrast to the state of affairs with brick dust, the usage of ash in ash calcium hydroxide howitzers has been widespread and more successful, but non to state that these mixes should truly be specified today. After industrial revolution widespread handiness of furnace ashes, ash calcium hydroxide or black ash howitzers are used by common adult male. These stuffs are frequently criticized today, chiefly because of their drosss, taking to lastingness jobs. There is grounds of usage of these stuffs in pit work built around the beginning and center of the 20th century caused corrosion of the wall ties, but it is ill-defined whether or non many of these ties would hold corroded in any event regardless of the type of howitzer used. Many constructions exist today besides where old ash calcium hydroxide howitzers are still lasting. Ash lime howitzers were still used good into the center of the 20th century in those parts of the state where ash was widely available. 1.1.7 Cement: calcium hydroxide: sand howitzers: Development of â€Å" modern † Portland cements, the potency for masonry building. This is attributable rapid rate which enabled building work. The early limes antecedently used produced acceptable working belongingss for the Masons. The rate of strength addition was low, particularly in cold conditions conditions. This meant that even a high quality calcium hydroxide, with a good ultimate strength, could turn out really debatable for winter use. Indeed it is likely that the bulk of masonry building proceed small during the winter months. The handiness of the new Portland cements changed this state of affairs and enabledConstruction to transport on throughout the twelvemonth, with the obvious exclusion of periods of really terrible winter conditions with heavy precipitations or stop deading temperatures. However, a job arose with these new stuffs. With the calcium hydroxides, which they antecedently worked with, mix proportions of between one portion binder to two or two and a half parts sand ( 1:2 and 1:2 ) were used by the Masons. These mix proportions produced a mix with acceptable working belongingss. The usage of such high binder contents with cements resulted in a howitzer was excessively strong for the units for which it was being applied. Use of these stuffs for reconstructing the earlier work suffered from some short comings.Solution to this job was to utilize both calcium hydroxide and cement as a binder, with the calcium hydroxide and cement together organizing the proportions of one portion of binder to two and a half or three of sand.Today, howitzers are widely used in most continents, preponderantly in Europe, North America, Australasia and Asia. 1.1.8 Masonry cement howitzers: Use of Masonry cement howitzer in a cement plant is an alternate construct of blending together cement and calcium hydroxide on site or to obtain a blend of the belongingss of howitzer which is neither excessively strong nor excessively weak. Recent research work has shown that limestone may besides supply an enhanced strength development in the medium and long term because of a slow continuance of the cement hydration/strength development procedure. In United Kingdom masonry cement is utilized as mixtures of Portland cement and crushed rock, wherever in North America, the tradition has been to utilize mixtures of Portland cement and hydrated calcium hydroxide, together with air entrainment. This construct has late been adopted by one of the UK cement plant and has now been incorporated into the Code of Practice BS 5628. 1.2. Coal: Coal occupies an of import place in the Indian energy sector since India has huge militias of thermic class coal. Coal is the most abundant and widely dispersed dodo energy resource in the universe. Among the entire power generated yearly in India, approximately 70 % is produced by thermic power workss. The bulk of thermic power workss ( about 84 % ) are running on coal with 70 billion dozenss of coal modesty, while the staying 13 % tally on gas and 3 % on oil. About 112 million dozenss of fly ash is generated yearly in India by thermic power workss as a byproduct of coal burning. Fly ash is a burnt and powdery derived function of inorganic mineral affair that generates during the burning of powdered coal in the thermic power works. The burned ash of the coal contains largely silica, alumina, Ca and Fe as the major chemical components. Depending on the combustion temperature of coal, the mineral stages in crystalline to non-crystalline constructions such as vitreous silica ( SiO2 ) , mullite ( 3Al2O3.2H2O ) , hematite ( Fe2O3 ) , magnetite ( Fe3O4 ) , wustite ( FeO ) , metallic Fe, orthoclase ( K2O Al2O3.6SiO2 ) and fused silicates normally occur in the burned coal ash. Silica and alumina history for approximately 75 to 95 % in the ash. The categorization of thermic works fly ash is considered based on reactive Ca oxide content as class-F ( less than 10 % ) and class-C ( more than 10 % ) . Fly ash quality depends on coal type, coal atom choiceness, per centum of ash in coal, burning technique, air/fuel ratio, and boiler type. Indian fly ash belongs to class-F. The Ca bearing silicon oxide and silicate minerals of ash occur either in crystalline or non-crystalline constructions and are hydraulic in nature ; they easy reacts with H2O or hydrated lime and develops pozzolanic belongings. But the crystalline mineral stages of vitreous silica and mullite nowadays in the ash are stable constructions of silicon oxide and silicates, and are non-hydraulic in n ature. Normally the fly ash contains these two mineral stages as the major components. Therefore, the use of fly ash in building industry as sums or replacing of cement mostly depends on the mineral construction and pozzolanic belongings. Fly ash is loosely an aluminium-silicate type of mineral rich in aluminum oxide and silicon oxide. 1.2.1.Worldwide Scenario of fly ash Use: Indian coals have really high ash content. The fly ash content of coal used by thermic power workss in India varies between 25 and 45 % . A big sum of fly ash is generated by thermic power workss, doing several disposal related jobs. In malice of enterprises taken by the authorities, several non-governmental and research and development organisations for fly ash use, the degree of fly ash use in the state was estimated to be less than 10 % anterior to 1996-97.On the Global degree, less than 25 % of the entire one-year fly ash produced is utilised. However, in many states like Germany, Belgium and Netherlands more than 95 % of the entire fly ash produced was reportedly used during 1996. Likewise United Kingdom 50 % fly ash was utilized during 1998, whereas the use by the China during 1995 was about 32 % and 40 % , severally. European states are taking in use of fly ash. In Canada a batch of research work has been done in the country of high volume fly ash concrete and they are efficaciously utilizing fly ash since last two decennaries. Japan is besides front smuggler in use of fly ash in Asia. The use of fly ash by twelvemonth stoping 2001-2002 is given below: Germany & A ; Netherlands: 100 % Belgique: 90 % Japan: 67 % India: 13 % 1.2.2. Leaching Behaviour of fly ash: In India, surveies have been carried out toward direction of fly ash disposal and use. Fly ash is utilized in cement and building. But, the rate of production is greater than ingestion. The fresh fly ash is disposed into keeping pools, lagunas, landfills and slagheaps. Disposal of immense sums of fly ash in landfills, and surface impoundings or its reuse in building stuffs is of environmental concern. LeachingA is the motion of contaminations, such as water-soluble pesticides or fertilisers, carried by H2O downward through permeable dirts. Most pesticides adsorb to dirty atoms ( particularly clay ) become immobile and do non leach. The destiny of nomadic pesticides, nevertheless, can be thought of as a race between the assorted debasement procedures and leaching to groundwater. During conveyance, disposal, and storage stages, fly ash is subjected to leaching and portion of the unwanted constituents in the ashes may foul both land and surface Waterss. Fly ash can be leached in higher concentrations than imbibing H2O criterions and can do taint in imbibing H2O beginnings. Fly ash contains trace sums of toxic metals that may hold negative effects on human wellness and on workss. Disposal of fly ash in surface H2O beginnings disrupts aquatic life, whereas toxic metals leached contaminate belowground H2O resources. Therefore, it is of import to analyze the leaching behavior of fly ash. In India, so far non much accent has been given to utilize coal ash as backfill stuff in underground/ unfastened dramatis personae mines and to foretell its subsequent consequence on land H2O quality. One of the chief jobs in disposing of large measures of coal ash is the possible leaching of different pollutants. A thorough probe sing leaching of trace/heavy metals from different fly ashes is required to cognize the impact of leached hint metals from fly ash to land H2O every bit good as surface H2O. In the present survey, short term and long term leaching survey has been carried out on fly ash from Panipat Thermal Power works, Haryana. An effort has been taken to analyze the leaching behaviour of fly ash as per the internationally recognized process laid down inCEN/TS 14405. 1.3. Objective of Work: The chief aim of the present research work is twofold. The first 1 is to utilize the fly ash as cost effectual replacement of dearly-won building stuffs and 2nd 1 is to happen out the optimal workability and public presentation of howitzer mix with fly ash in inauspicious commixture and hardening conditions. A typical research programme formulated for the survey is shown in Table 1 & A ; 2. In the capital metropolis of Delhi, the sanctum River Yamuna is the chief beginning of H2O. The usage of natural Yamuna H2O for building proposes is how far good and, if non, how much impact it put on the overall public presentation of howitzer regular hexahedrons in the similar commixture and bring arounding status with that of the normal DJB H2O supplied for imbibing intents has been attempted for comparing. In add-on to the above, leaching column survey on fly ash collected from NTPC, Panipat has besides been performed for appraisal of likely leaching of hint elements as per standard process laid down in European Standard CEN/TS 14405.Table 1.1: Research on howitzer mixes utilizing Yamuna H2O with different concentration of MgSO4 for blending and DJBW & A ; YW with different concentration of MgSO4 for bring arounding of howitzer regular hexahedrons.Mortar mixes utilizing different concentration of MgSO4 in Yamuna H2OYamuna H2O4 % MgSO48 % MgSO412 % MgSO416 % MgSO4Water quality for hardening of howitzer regular hexahedronsNormal DJB H2OYamuna H2O4 % MgSO4DJB Water8 % MgSO4 DJB Water12 % MgSO4 DJB WaterDetailed periodic surveies for physical, chemical and mineralogical surveies of H2O and concrete7 yearss7 yearss7 yearss7 yearss7 yearss28 yearss28 yearss28 yearss28 yearss28 yearss56 yearss56 yearss56 yearss56 yearss56 yearss90 yearss90 yearss90 yearss90 yearss90 yearss365 yearss365 yearss365 yearss365 yearss365 yearssTable 1.2: Research on howitzer mixes utilizing 35 % Yamuna H2O with different concentration of MgSO4 for blending and DJBW & A ; YW with different concentration of MgSO4 for bring arounding of howitzer regular hexahedrons.Mortar mixes utilizing 35 % fly ash with different concentration of MgSO4 in Yamuna H2ODJB H2O4 % MgSO48 % MgSO412 % MgSO416 % MgSO4Water quality for hardening of howitzer regular hexahedronsNormal DJB H2ONormal Yamuna H2O4 % MgSO4DJB Water8 % MgSO4 DJB Water12 % MgSO4 DJB WaterDetailed periodic surveies for physical, chemical a nd mineralogical surveies of H2O and concrete7 yearss7 yearss7 yearss7 yearss7 yearss28 yearss28 yearss28 yearss28 yearss28 yearss56 yearss56 yearss56 yearss56 yearss56 yearss90 yearss90 yearss90 yearss90 yearss90 yearss365 yearss365 yearss365 yearss365 yearss365 yearssDue to the increasing demand of energy, the rate of production of fly ash is besides increasing. The use of fly ash in cement or building industry is non in synchronism with the immense sum of its production. The safe disposal of fly ash is a topic of concern as fly ash poses risky jobs to the environment in many ways.The fresh fly ash is disposed into keeping pools, lagunas, landfills and scoria tonss. Fly ash can pollute the surface H2O, dirt and besides the land H2O due to the leaching of unwanted constituents. Fly ash can be leached in higher concentrations than the prescribed bounds of codifications for imbibing H2O criterions and can do taint in imbibing H2O beginnings. Fly ash contains trace sums of toxic metal s that may hold negative effects on human wellness and on workss. Disposal of fly ash in surface H2O beginnings disrupts aquatic life, whereas toxic metals leached contaminate belowground H2O resources. Therefore, it is of import to analyze the leaching behavior of fly ash. 1.4. Organization of Work: Chapter-1 includes debut of fly ash and Mortar, Classification of Mortar, worldwide scenario of concrete and wing ash use for environmental friendly constructive fabrication and aim of present work how we better usage with fly ash so that it can assist us in civil technology and besides better the quality of environment. Chapter-2 Literature reappraisal related to concrete and wing ash with accent on usage of fly ashas a replacing stuff of cement and effects of alteration in physical and chemical conditions on public presentation of concrete and howitzer. Chapter-3 Material and methods includes analysis of fly ash and OPC and H2O quality analysis in conformity with national and international codifications commissariats and casting of regular hexahedrons. Chapter-4 Collection and calculation of informations and treatment on trial consequences. Chapter-5 Conclusion includes the result of whole experiments and suggestions based on result for farther survey.

The Harlem Renaissance Langston Hughes - 1145 Words

During the 1900’s many African Americans moved from the south to the north in an event called the Great Migration. Many of the South African, Americans migrated to a place called Harlem and this is where it all started. Harlem became the training ground for blues and jazz and gave birth to a young generation of Negro Artist, who referred to themselves as the New Negro. The New Negro was the base for an epoch called the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance allowed for the materialization of the double consciousness of the Negro race as demonstrated by artists such as Langston Hughes. During the peak of the Harlem Renaissance, Langston Hughes created poetry that was not only artistically and musically sound but also captured a blues essence giving life to a new mode of poetry as it portrayed the African American struggles with ego and society leading Langston Hughes to be one of the most influential icons of the Harlem Renaissance. One affair is for sure, Hughes consis tent use of common themes allows them to be the very groundwork of the Harlem Renaissance. Langston Hughes was one of the most influential writers during the Harlem Renaissance. Hughes is recognized for his insightful, colorful, realistic portraits of black life in America. He wrote poetry, short tales, novels, and plays, and is recognized for his involvement with the world of jazz and the influence it had on his composition. His spirit and work were enormously important in determining the artisticShow MoreRelatedThe Harlem Renaissance By Langston Hughes1033 Words   |  5 Pagescalled the Harlem Renaissance. After World War I, many blacks migrated from the south to up to the north to places like Chicago, Detroit and New York. The people in Harlem felt the racial pride and this caught the attention of many musicians, writers, and artist. The Harlem Renaissance period lasted from 1920 to around 1935. 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For an African American artist in the 1920’s, that power was fought for harder and dimmed due the racial inequalities across America. Being acknowledged as a credible artist was equated to being acknowledged as an American during a time where African American citizens were not considered an equal under the law. The Harlem Renaissance, spanning from the mid 1920’sRead MoreLangston Hughes And The Harlem Renaissance1476 Words   |  6 Pages Langston Hughes, a Voice for the Taciturn Take a time machine back to one of the most culturally-rich times in history, the Modern Age. More specifically, set your destination to northern Manhattan in the early 20s. When you step onto those bustling streets, you’ll find yourself swept up in the Harlem Renaissance. The contemporary writers you are surrounded by are legends such as Langston Hughes and W. E. B. 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It became known for the start of the African American cultural and artistic revolution known as the â€Å"Harlem Renaissance†. Out of the Renaissance came poet Langston Hughes. Hughes’ grandparents were abolitionists and worked to instill the same sense of justice into him, which can be seen in his writingsRead MoreAspects Of Langston Hughes And The Harlem Renaissance755 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscrimination, the Harlem Renaissance was a time of emergence for African Americans artists. Several writers such as Langston Hughes emerged during this period. African American writers who emerged during the Harlem Renaissance were heroes to lower-class blacks living in Harlem. Langston Hughes was a household name amongst the lower-class during the Harlem Renaissance. Hughes’s poetry was strongly influenced by the Harlem Renaissance because of his love for the black masses. Hughes was determined to

Theme Of Corruption In The Great Gatsby - 809 Words

Just like any other word, corruption has multiple interpretations. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, corruption as a noun means dishonest or illegal behavior, especially by powerful people. Power also has a number of interpretations in a variety of different contexts. Historians associate power with an ability used to force people into obeying leaders. Scientists associate power as a rate at which work happens. F. Scott Fitzgerald associates corruption with New Yorkers who possess an abundance of power in 1922. Through multiple events, the character Tom Buchanan expresses inconsiderate, narcissistic, and sexist behavior leading to the fragmented relationship between him and his wife, Daisy proving his indisputable corruption.†¦show more content†¦Because of Tom’s narcissism, he believes Gatsby should have introduced as a higher valued person. Tom then later has suspicions of Daisy and Gatsby and investigates Gatsby. Tom’s downgraded introduction cre ated a suspicion towards Gatsby because of Tom’s narcissistic behavior. Tom’s behavior towards others affixes an unstable and insecure nature to his personality which consequences to insecurity and evident corruption in Tom. Tom proved to demonstrate multiple examples of his sexism behavior towards Daisy and other women in general. Tom clearly disrespects Daisy since he cheats on her with another woman, however, it does not seem like he respects her any more than he respects Myrtle. When Nick tagged along with Tom to visit Myrtle, Tom criticized the place where he meets Myrtle and â€Å"Tom Buchanan broke her nose with an open hand†. Even though Tom is supposed to act reverential to Myrtle since he claims he cares about her, Tom treats her with disrespect by physically abusing her. By abusing her, Tom puts down all women and their self-worth. 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Gertrude Stein Essay - 882 Words

Gertrude Stein Gertrude Stein is one of the most celebrated authors and patrons of the arts. She encouraged, influenced and aided many literary and artistic figures through her support, investment and writings. Stein was born on February 3, 1874 into upper middle class surroundings in Allegheny, Pennsylvania. When she was 3 years old the family moved to Vienna and then on to Paris before returning to America in late 1878. Gertrude and her brother Leo became very close although he was two years her senior. They found like interests and became devoted allies through much of their early lives. Stein was eight years old when she made her first attempt at writing. Reading became an obsession for her beginning with Shakespeare and†¦show more content†¦Rumors of war began to surface by early 1914 as Germans marched toward Paris. In March, Gertrude and Alice left Paris after a series of bombing alerts and zeppelin raids. They returned in 1916 and decided to help out with the war efforts by joining the American Fund for French Wounded.[6]† In 1933, Stein published â€Å"Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas† which really was her own autobiography. It became a best seller in the United States and elevated Stein’s celebrity. Many articles were published and she made a lot of money. Although hesitant at first because she did not know how she would be received, Stein went on a lecture tour across America. She was welcomed with open arms everywhere she went. Upon returning to France in the spring of 1935 Gertrude and Alice went to their country home in Bilignin for some privacy, away from Gertrudes new found celebrity status and rumors of war started again. In addition to this, the landlord of 27 rue de Fleurus did not renew their lease, as his son wanted to move into the apartment. They reluctantly relocated to another apartment on Germain Street in Paris. I guess 27 got so historical, it just could not hold us any longer,[7] she said[8]. While in Bilignin during the summer of 1939 the war was quickly approaching.Show MoreRelatedGertrude Stein s A Rose1771 Words   |  8 Pagesa rose† Gertrude Stein. Gertrude Stein who many consider her a â€Å"major author, the founder of a new literary style, the great apologist for Modernism, and the discoverer and promoter of the French school of contemporary painting.† She was the beginning of a new era, some looked up to her while others thought she was an insignificant person (but how wrong they were). Gertrude Stein influenced a new generation in the arts. She helped encourage new and old authors and painters. Gertrude Stein enjoyedRead MoreThe Book Of Alice B. Toklas By Gertrude Stein1552 Words   |  7 Pagesall about finding their own identity. There are those who were struggling to find their own because they were close to the modernists that expressed it. Through experimentation they were able to find an identity that they were comfortable with. Gertrude St ein found a voice when she wrote about her life from the point of view of her partner Alice B. Toklas. When it comes to writers talking about themselves they couldn’t help but use the words and actions of their own characters, to create an idea ofRead More The Self-Portraits of Gertrude Stein and Pablo Picasso Essay1753 Words   |  8 Pages The Self-Portraits of Gertrude Stein and Pablo Picasso nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It is no wonder that Picasso, with his revolutionary style of painting, would be attracted to Gertrude Stein’s crowded Rue de Fleurus apartment on Saturday evenings for intellectual discussions on art and literature. From the barefoot dances and improvisational plays of Max Jacob to the comments of critics and would-be art patrons like Maurice Raynal and Andrà © Salmon, this salon was an assortment of artists, bohemiansRead MoreThe Sun Also Rises By Gertrude Stein Act2846 Words   |  12 PagesEmily Friis-Hansen Bowden-3 AP/GT English IV 12-18-14 â€Å"Floating I Saw Only the Sky† Introduction â€Å"You are all a lost generation† is the opening prelude of the novel, The Sun Also Rises. Those six words by Gertrude Stein act as a foreword for the novel, a story about a wandering group of expatriates, drowning their sorrows in liquor and bullfights and glittering Paris lights, but also as the defining label for an entire generation of doomed youth coming to age in a society deeply affected by WorldRead MoreAnalysis Of Gertrude Stein s I Ain t No Oxford 1318 Words   |  6 Pageshad the mission to go forward and break these â€Å"rules.† Gertrude Stein’s Tender Buttons, bill bissett’s â€Å"text bites,† and John Agard’s â€Å"I Ain’t No Oxford Don† question rules of grammar and synaptic normality. By the way, these poems disrupt words, use non-standard prose, and have ambiguous interpretations they break the rules of grammar and disrupt the formal laws of language, inducing new ways of about the how one produces meanin g. Gertrude Stein was not always known as a writer. She became popularRead MoreWilliam Carlos Williams Philomena Andronica And Gertrude Stein s Identity1431 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Carlos Williams â€Å"Philomena Andronica† and Gertrude Stein’s â€Å"Identity, a poem† are both visually and tonally very different texts. However, Stein and Williams have both used similar approaches to literary form in their poems as can be seen in their non-traditional approach to meaning generation and rejection of grammatical convention. 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Of the Paris expatriates, Gertrude Stein remains one of the best examples of a writer using the European culture and influences to create a new American poetry. Gertrude Stein settled in France in 1902, but still regarded herself as very much American (Earnest, 251-252). She is quoted as declaring that America is my country and Paris is my home townRead MoreRole Of Women And Motherhood Through Modern Literature883 Words   |  4 PagesThe Role of Women and Motherhood through Modern Literature Gertrude Stein’s story The Gentle Lena in Three Lives reaffirms the expectations of women set out by society, yet the main character Lena challenges the role of women in the workforce, marriage, and motherhood. Lena’s gentle, sweet, patient and servant-like behavior affirms the way society saw women. Women had no voice as to what to expect from their lives and for many their greatest aspiration was to be a mother. Lena’s life just likeRead MoreHow Hemingway Has Too Strong Opinions On Homosexuality1087 Words   |  5 PagesHemingway has extremely strong opinions on homosexuality, which Gertrude Stein attempts to dissuade by convincing him that those who attempt to assault young boys are not well in their heads. While Stein attempts this, Hemingway proclaims that because homosexuality exists, â€Å"you [carry] a knife and would use it when you were in the company of tramps when you were a boy in the days when wolves was not a slang term for men obsessed by the pursuit of women† (Hemingway 16). It seems that Hemingway does

Auditing and Ethical Practices Independence Policy

Question: Discuss about theAuditing and Ethical PracticesforIndependence Policy. Answer: Introduction Auditors independence means the independence of the internal and external auditors of the company. The auditors independence policy states that the internal and external auditors must not have any financial interest in the properties of the audited parties. Auditors independence requires honesty and integrity from the side of the auditors. The internal and external auditors must be independent of audit clients as per the Code of ethics as public interest is engaged in the process of audit engagement. It is desired that the auditors will be independent of mind as well as independent in appearance. Independent of mind refers to that the auditor will not be affected by any kind of influence to make his/her personal judgment. Independent in appearance refers to that the auditors will avoid the facts and circumstances that can influence the decision making process of them. Potential Threats As per the above discussion, there should be absolute independence in the audit operations by the auditors. However, as per the case study given, it can be seen that there is a violation in the independence of the auditor of Fellowes and Associates. This process can contribute to severe kind of threats for the audit farm as per the guidelines of Auditing professional and Ethical Standards Board, APES 110 (Apesb.org.au 2016). The potential threats are discussed under as per the APES 110 norms: Severe thereat can be arrived when an audit team member has direct financial interest or material indirect financial interest in the property of the audited party or the audited client. This is one of the most significant threats and there is no safeguards created that can save the individual from this threat. In case of situation one, the audit associate owns shares in the audited firm. This situation implies that the audit associate has financial indirect material interest in the audited firm. Thus, the audit associate cam face the above discusses threat (Quick Warming-Rasmussen, 2014). Same as above, if an associate of the audit firm has a controlling financial interest in the audited firm and the audit firm is material to the audited client, then the audit associate can face severe threat that cannot be safeguarded by any kind of law as per the APES 110 (Tepalagul Lin, 2015). An independence threat is created if an associate of the audit firm has close family member in the audited company or the audit client who has direct material interest. There are some factors that determine the level of the threat. The first factor is the nature of relationship between the audit associate and the family member. Another factor is the nature financial interest materiality (Blay Geiger, 2013). Providing non audit services to the audit client by other partners or by the managerial employees who has direct financial material immaterial interest in the audited company or the audited client is a serious unavoidable threat. There is not any kind of safeguard that can save the employee from this threat (Kouakou, Boiral Gendron, 2013). Independence threat can be created when there is a close relationship of business between the audit team or any associate of the audit team and the audited firm or any member of the audited firm. There are certain aspects of this kind of threats. This kind of threat can be arrived if there is a financial interest about a joint venture between the audit team and the audited firm. Another reason for this kind of threat is when the audit firm involves in the marketing or distribution of the products of the audited client (Dogui, Boiral Heras?Saizarbitoria, 2014). The threat of independence can be formed when a team member or associate of the audit team or the audit firm has a close relationship with a person who is not his family member; but the person is an officer or an director or an manager of the audited entity and he/she has a significance amount of influence on the audited firm. There is some aspect of this kind of threat. The nature of this kind of threat depends on the nature of relationship between the team member of the audited firm and the director, officer and the manager of the audited company. This kind of threat also depends upon the nature of the position which the member of the audited company holds and the role of the audit associate in the audit team or in the audit firm (Bauer, 2014). The independence threat can be arrived if any audit team member or the audit firm violates the rules, regulations and policies of the audit company due to have any financial interest in the audited client or the audited company. These are the potential threats that can be arrived due to occurrence of the situation 1 and 2 in the given case study. These are the threats that are arrived due to the violation of the policy of independence of the auditors. Actions and Safeguard Policies The actions to avoid the above discussed threats are discussed below: In situation 1, as per the above discussion, there is a serious offense to break the rules, regulations and policies regarding the independence of the auditors. It has been seen that one of the associates of Fellowes and Associates has shares in the audited company that is Health Care Holding Group (HCHG). This situation implies that the member of the audit team has financial non material interest in the audit client. To avoid this threat, Fellowes and Associate need to remove that particular audit associate from the audit operation of HCHG. On the other hand, they can ask that team member to sell the shares of HCHG in order to avoid the self-interest threat (Chapple et al., 2014). In situation 2, it is the duty of the management to manage various kinds of assets of the organization including the tangible as well as the intangible assets. Sometime the management of the organization takes some steps which are unethical from the point of view of audit but they are taken for the betterment of the organization. It may happen that the amount of $ 30 million has entered as the value of intangible assets by mistake. Thus, the auditor needs to correct the mistake by showing the actual adjustment (Audits, 2013). To avoid this kind of future incidents, certain safeguards are discussed below: Leadership in the audit process is needed in order to make the audit associates aware about the importance to comply with all the rules, regulations and fundamental principles of auditing. Various kinds of policies and procedures need to be implemented in order to monitor the quality and control on the audit process (Hossain et al., 2016). After that the policies need to be documented in order to indentify the threats of audits, to explain them to the audit team members, to apply the safeguards for these threats and to reduce the threats to the level of acceptance. There must be coordination and compliance between the audit policies and the fundamental principles of the audit (Ge, Simnett Zhou, 2016). It is needed for the audit firms to timely communicate the various kind of policies and fundamental principles of audit to the members of the audit team. If there is any change among the rules and principles, they need to be communicated with the audit team members. The non assurance services of the audit work need to be reviewed by the member of the audit team who is not involved in the non assurance audit team. The audit team needs to keep the fact in mind that the audit client has the appropriate corporate governance structure and proper communication procedures regarding the various services of the firm. Another audit firm can be involved to re-perform the audit program performance. The members of the assurance team need to be rotated on a regular basis in order to maintain transparency in the whole audit process (Henderson et al., 2015). These are safeguards that Fellowes and Associates can implement to avoid the future threats in audit independence. Conclusion From the above study it can be understood that independence of the auditors is an important aspect in the audit process. However, in the case of Fellows and Associates, it has been seen that the policies of auditors independence has been violated. Due to this violation, the audit firm can face a lot of severe threats like independence threat, self-interest threats and many others. In order to avoid these threats, Fellowes and Associates needs to take some steps like to remove the audit associate who has financial non material interests in the audit clients business, to formulate various policies and principles and many others. On the other hand, APES 110 has provided some guidelines which needs to be followed by the audit firms to bring these threats in an acceptance level. References Audits, F. S. (2013). Quality Control Around Financial Statements Audits. Bauer, T. D. (2014). The effects of client identity strength and professional identity salience on auditor judgments.The Accounting Review,90(1), 95-114. Blay, A. D., Geiger, M. A. (2013). Auditor fees and auditor independence: Evidence from going concern reporting decisions.Contemporary Accounting Research,30(2), 579-606. Chapple, L., Crofts, P., Ferguson, C., Hronsky, J. (2014). Professional independence and attachment bias: an exploratory study. Dogui, K., Boiral, O., Heras?Saizarbitoria, I. (2014). Audit fees and auditor independence: The case of ISO 14001 certification.International Journal of Auditing,18(1), 14-26. Ge, Q., Simnett, R., Zhou, S. (2016). Ethical and Quality Control Requirements When Undertaking Assurance Engagements. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K., Howieson, B. (2015).Issues in financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Hossain, S., Monroe, G. S., Wilson, M., Jubb, C. (2016). The Effect of Networked Clients' Economic Importance on Audit Quality.Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory. Kouakou, D., Boiral, O., Gendron, Y. (2013). ISO auditing and the construction of trust in auditor independence.Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal,26(8), 1279-1305. Quick, R., Warming-Rasmussen, B. (2014). An experimental analysis of the effects of non-audit services and related independence threats on auditor independence in appearance. In12th World Congress of Accounting Educators and Researchers. Tepalagul, N., Lin, L. (2015). Auditor Independence and Audit Quality A Literature Review.Journal of Accounting, Auditing Finance,30(1), 101-121. uploads/standards/apesb_standards/standard1.pdf. (2016).apesb.org.au. Retrieved 23 November 2016, from https://www.apesb.org.au/uploads/standards/apesb_standards/standard1.pdf

Take a Stroll Down the Customer’s Journey

TAKE A STROLL DOWN THE CUSTOMER’S JOURNEY Recent studies done by Word Stream show that the average conversion rate for pay-per-click advertisers is 2.35%, which is about the same chance some have of becoming a millionaire. What happens between the click and the customer being converted or not? What sort of journey does the customer go through, and how can companies make sure that each customer stays on the path to a purchase? If marketers zoom out and take a look at what a potential customer’s journey might look like, they can fill in the gaps between what a customer wants that experience to be and what kind of experience you would like to give them. Visually mapping that journey, gathering all of the data points, the analytics, the emotions, and strategies involved is one of the best ways marketers can begin to understand their customer. We spoke with two Houston marketing experts to get some insights on how they are using the customer journey map to help their clients. Graph showing search conversation rate distribution (Image from Word Stream) But What Exactly is a Customer Journey Map? It’s easy to get lost in marketing and advertising jargon, but the core of what a customer journey map is really quite simple. It tells the story of what a company’s customer would go through to buy their product or service, or whatever the company’s particular end goal is. The journey a customer goes through could lead down a hundred different paths. A map could focus on the web journey, an experience at a traditional brick-and-mortar store, a call experience, or the map could encompass every route. More touchpoints mean a more complicated map, but it is the important or key ones that are crucial to get down. Source: Behance The experience a customer has with a company is already on its way to overtaking importance in price and product, and according to a recent report, by 2020 it will have succeeded. Experience will be 16% more important than price. Beau Pedraza, the SEO Lead at Forthea, a Houston-based internet marketing company, agrees. The ultimate goal is not just to satisfy the end goal by having a customer purchase a product, or engage with a call to action. It’s to make it easy and intuitive for anybody to reach that end goal and then come back because we made their experience easy and seamless. There’s the human side of it that I think a lot of people in marketing, especially digital marketing, forget about. With   two-thirds of customers willing to spend more with a company that they believe has better customer service, it is definitely worth the time spent to make a customer journey map. How Do You Track the Customer Journey? The most important part of beginning to map the customer journey is the customer or user themselves. Brandi Lalanne, the Senior Digital Strategist at The Black Sheep Agency, a cause-driven Houston marketing firm, said it best. You need a user in order to map them down the path. Designing CX, a website dedicated to helping customer experience innovators and change agents, laid out some fairly simple steps in a course on creating a customer experience map, and it starts with selecting a user. Select a user. Do you want to map the journey of a stay-at-home mom? Or maybe the person you want to map works 40 hours or more a week. Or theyre a student in college. Or maybe, you need to map them all. Getting to know the user and what route they might take is important in creation of the map. Map out a user’s step-by-step experience. This is where marketers can make sure that their customer is going to have a good experience and set them off on the right path. The Designing CX course suggests working from point A to point B, starting with assumptions and then gathering hard data. Does your user go straight to a phone call, or maybe to the website first? After the phone call, what happens? Is there a research phase, a waiting phase, a purchase phase? You have to keep asking yourself, â€Å"What happens next?† Map the answers to this question, but remember, everything is from the customer’s point of view. Map touch points and systems â€Å"on stage† and â€Å"backstage.†Identifying the touchpoints, every physical or virtual interaction, for each step of the map is what is important here. This could be where the hard data comes in. Pedraza explains.We use an assortment of methods of the digital side ranging from Google AdWords to Google Analytics, and other analytics that are at our disposal. We also use call tracking; we use ad data; we use all the granular offerings that each one provides. They tell us how the customer engages, [how they] use the site, how they flow through a website; if they go to the home page, what’s the next page they go to. If they arrive on a landing page, where are they ultimately trying to go?If your data tells you that the average phone wait time before a customer will hang up is 12 minutes, then you will want to make sure that your customer’s experience reflects that. Does it take a customer 2 hours or 2 days to decide to purchase? Analytics can show you where you need to make improvements, changes, or if there is redundancy in your touchpoints.Google Analytics has proven paramount in tracking customer experience. Ariat, one of the nation’s leaders in equestrian footwear and apparel, used analytics in their website relaunch. The measurements and data allowed the company to see where improvements were needed, ultimately leading to a 14% increase in conversion. Add customer attitudes and needs. On the other side of hard data is the emotional side. Empathy mapping is a huge part of the customer experience, and that is the fourth step in the Designing CX course. Pedraza believes that this step is of the utmost importance. We like to see what people think about our clients, and that information should never be discounted it’s [the end user] that is the engine that drives it all. They are the ones that our clients are interested in, and we should be interested in them as well. To find out the emotions, Pedraza suggests asking for reviews or surveys from past customers, using the analytics, asking yourself what your customers are saying about you, or just using a little guesswork.Tracking emotions and empathy can be difficult, because, as Lalanne states, â€Å"You can’t track joy as a metric.† However, as the below image shows, the emotional experience is an important part of the map. Human emotions by nature are on a consta nt roller coaster, but companies will want to keep their customer as stable as possible.By knowing how the customer feels and is treated at each touch point on the map, companies can glean valuable information to help direct the customer to a purchase. Identify problems and opportunities.The last step in the course might be what marketers have the most trouble with. Once the map is finished, some marketers might find themselves asking, â€Å"now what?† Lalanne laughs about this, reiterating how important it is to refer back to the map. It’s continuously living and breathing, if you refer back to it, you’ll be fine.It is understanding the customer’s journey that can lead to improvement.Sometimes, that is precisely what the map helps you do. Such was the case with Pedraza. Assuming the end user for a particular project wouldnt utilize a mobile site very much, Pedraza left off the mobile part of the journey.I felt like in the map that we created initially we were missing these big segments on mobile, and when we started to cater to mobile, we saw these massive uptakes from 10 to 15% in traffic in about two months†¦That was the biggest thing that really got me on customer journey mapping†¦ that esp ecially in our line of work, that we have all these assumptions of what people might do or what people might think†¦but you need to be willing to test your own theories and willing to accept that you just might be wrong.After your map is finished, it will also show you whether your brand ideas and promises match up with your actual customer experience. Does your company promise fast service, while your map suggests otherwise? Why exactly do your customers emotions take a turn for the negative during the purchase process?Designing CX suggests redesigning the experience as needed to influence attitudes. If your map isn’t working, it’s OK to change it. Keep referencing the map. Keep it alive. A customer’s journey never ends, and neither should your map. Why is the Customer Journey Important? We’ve already noted that customer experience is on its way to becoming the most important factor in a customer’s decision making, and word of mouth is playing a huge roll in its rise. Esteban Kolsky notes that 13% of unsatisfied customers will tell at least 15 or more people about their experience; adversely, 72% of satisfied customers will share their experience with six or more people. This year, 86% of companies expect to compete mainly on the experience of a customer, a 50% increase in the last four years alone. In a world full of consumers, paying close attention to the customer is possibly the best strategy a marketer could have. Before hanging up, Lalanne left off by stressing this point. I think everyone should [make a] customer journey map. If you really care about your users and your audience, then you should take the time to understand them as if they’re an actual person and not just a data point.